![]() ![]() Papaya cultivation is now nearly pantropical, spanning Hawaii, central Africa, India, and Australia. Spaniards introduced papaya to the Old World in the 16th century. ![]() Papaya is also considered native to southern Florida, introduced by predecessors of the Calusa no later than 300 CE. Native to tropical America, papaya originates from southern Mexico and Central America. Papaya seeds also contain the cyanogenic substance prunasin. The carotenoids, lutein and beta-carotene, are prominent in the yellow skin, while lycopene is dominant in the red flesh (table). Papaya skin, pulp, and seeds contain a variety of phytochemicals, including carotenoids and polyphenols, as well as benzyl isothiocyanates and benzyl glucosinates, with skin and pulp levels that increase during ripening. Longitudinal section of fruit showing orange flesh and numerous black seeds All plant parts contain latex in articulated laticifers. The leaves are large, 50–70 cm (20–28 in) in diameter, deeply palmately lobed, with seven lobes. ![]() The lower trunk is conspicuously scarred where leaves and fruit were borne. The papaya is a small, sparsely branched tree, usually with a single stem growing from 5 to 10 m (16 to 33 ft) tall, with spirally arranged leaves confined to the top of the trunk. The word papaya comes from Arawak via Spanish, this is also where papaw and pawpaw come from. In 2020, India produced 42% of the world's supply of papayas. It is grown in several countries in regions with a tropical climate. It was first domesticated in Mesoamerica, within modern-day southern Mexico and Central America. The papaya ( / p ə ˈ p aɪ ə/, US: / p ə ˈ p ɑː j ə/), papaw, ( / p ə ˈ p ɔː/ ) or pawpaw ( / ˈ p ɔː p ɔː/ ) is the plant species Carica papaya, one of the 21 accepted species in the genus Carica of the family Caricaceae. ![]()
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